House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)

The House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) is one of the most familiar and widespread bird species in Mumbai. These small, plump birds are easily recognized by their brown and grey plumage, with males displaying a distinctive black bib. House Sparrows are highly adaptable, thriving in urban environments where they are often seen in parks, gardens, and around human habitation. Despite their once abundant presence, their numbers have declined in recent years due to urbanization and loss of habitat. However, they remain a cherished part of Mumbai’s avian community, often spotted chirping cheerfully in the early morning hours.